Manuel Antonio National Park
Natural History
This region of Costa Rica is renowned for its vibrant tropical rainforests, pristine beaches, and remarkable biodiversity, making it a sought-after destination for travelers from around the globe.
Manuel Antonio’s history dates back to the 1970s, when the area was still largely covered in thick forests, and the ocean's crystal-clear waters gently touched the shore. At that time, however, the region wasn’t yet protected, and it faced threats from development and deforestation.
Over time, the area’s natural beauty began to draw the attention of explorers and naturalists eager to uncover its hidden wonders. In 1972, the Costa Rican government took steps to safeguard this ecological gem by establishing Manuel Antonio National Park.
Since its creation, the park has served as a sanctuary for wildlife and a haven for nature enthusiasts. Visitors can wander along its scenic trails, winding through dense jungle where they might spot sloths resting in the trees, butterflies dancing through flowers, and colorful parrots soaring overhead.
The area’s beaches are equally captivating, with their soft, white sands and inviting turquoise waters. They offer the perfect backdrop for sunbathing or engaging in water activities such as snorkeling and surfing.
However, as Manuel Antonio’s popularity has grown, it has faced challenges associated with increased tourism. The rising number of visitors has put additional strain on the local ecosystem, requiring park authorities to implement conservation strategies and promote sustainable tourism practices.
Despite these challenges, Manuel Antonio remains one of Costa Rica’s most iconic destinations—a place where the beauty of nature and human presence coexist harmoniously. Each year, thousands of people are drawn to the park in search of adventure, serenity, and a deeper connection with the natural world.
The story of Manuel Antonio National Park is one of dedication and reverence for the environment. It’s a testament to how a small piece of land can become a symbol of conservation and the unparalleled natural beauty of Costa Rica. While time may bring changes, the enchantment of Manuel Antonio Park endures, serving as a poignant reminder of the importance of preserving our planet for future generations.
Geological Formation
Manuel Antonio National Park is located along Costa Rica's Pacific coastline, an area known for its diverse geological features. The park's landscape was shaped over millions of years through tectonic movements and volcanic activity, resulting in rich soils and varied terrain, including mountains, cliffs, and beaches.
Marine Biodiversity
The waters surrounding Manuel Antonio National Park are home to a rich array of marine life. Coral reefs and seagrass meadows provide crucial habitats for a range of tropical fish, sea turtles, dolphins, and whales. The area is also a key nesting site for various seabird species.
Tropical Humid Forest
Lush tropical forests primarily cover the park. Within these ecosystems, you’ll find towering trees such as ceiba, almond, and laurel, as well as a variety of epiphytes, ferns, and orchids. This rich ecosystem supports an abundant range of wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, coatis, and numerous species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
Beaches and Mangroves
Manuel Antonio National Park is home to stunning white-sand beaches, framed by lush mangrove forests. These coastal habitats are essential for species like crocodiles, green iguanas, and various waterfowl. Mangroves play a key role in protecting the coastline from erosion and serve as critical breeding grounds for fish and crustaceans.
Conservation and Protection
The establishment of Manuel Antonio National Park is closely tied to ongoing conservation efforts. In 1972, it was officially designated a national park following advocacy from environmental organizations and local communities who pushed to protect this unique area. Today, while the park draws tourists from across the globe, it continues to face challenges related to the impacts of tourism and the need to preserve its rich biodiversity.
Trees and Plants:
Manuel Antonio National Park is home to vibrant vegetation, featuring a wide variety of trees and plants. Some of the most notable trees include the ceiba, almond, laurel, and ficus, which make up the forest canopy and offer shelter and sustenance to many species. Epiphytic plants like bromeliads and orchids thrive on the tree trunks, while heliconias and palms add vivid color and enhance the park's natural beauty.
Mammals:
The park hosts a diverse range of mammals, including titi monkeys, sloths, coatis, and wild cats like the jaguarundi and ocelot. These animals are crucial to the ecosystem, contributing to seed dispersal and helping regulate insect and rodent populations. Their ability to thrive in the tropical rainforest highlights their remarkable adaptations to an ever-changing and varied environment.
Reptiles and Amphibians:
Reptiles and amphibians are vital components of the ecosystem in Manuel Antonio National Park. Among the reptiles, you'll find species like the American crocodile, green iguana, and various snakes, including boa constrictors and coral snakes. The amphibian population includes poison dart frogs, salamanders, and toads. These creatures are essential to the food web and serve as important indicators of the overall health of the environment.
Birds:
Manuel Antonio National Park is a true paradise for bird enthusiasts, with more than 180 species recorded within the park's limits. Some of the most notable birds include toucans, parrots, hummingbirds, and various waterfowl like herons and pelicans. These birds are crucial to the park's ecosystem, as they help with pollination, seed dispersal, and the regulation of insect and small animal populations.
Insects:
Insects are a crucial, though frequently unnoticed, component of the wildlife in Manuel Antonio Park. From vibrant butterflies to beetles and ants, these tiny creatures are essential for pollinating plants, breaking down organic matter, and supporting the food chain. The wide variety and large numbers of insects found in the park are a strong indicator of the overall health of the ecosystem.
 Frog Manuel Antonio Park |  Frog Manuel Antonio Park |  Frog Manuel Antonio Park |
|---|---|---|
 Long Nosed Beettle Manuel Antonio Park |  Spider Manuel Antonio Park |  Green Snake Manuel Antonio Park |
 Jesus Lizard Manuel Antonio Park |  Big Heaeded Lizard Manuel Antonio Park |  Eye Las Viper Manuel Antonio Park |
 Turttle Manuel Antonio Park |  Gray Necked Wood Rail Manuel Antonio Park |  Boat Billed Heron Manuel Antonio Park |
 American Oystercatcher Manuel Antonio Park |  Spectacled Owl Manuel Antonio Park |  Crab-Eating raccoon Manuel Antonio Park |
 White Nosed Coati Manuel Antonio Park |  Variegated Squirrel Manuel Antonio Park |  River Otter Manuel Antonio Park |
Symbolic species
_edited_edited_edited_edited_.jpg)
The sloth, a beloved symbol of Costa Rica and an emblematic species of Manuel Antonio National Park, is famous for its leisurely pace of life. This endearing, slow-moving animal has become a national icon, embodying the peacefulness, biodiversity, and ecological harmony that define the country.
In Manuel Antonio National Park, the sloth finds an ideal environment to flourish. The park’s lush vegetation and diverse tree species create a safe haven for this unique creature. The warm, humid climate also complements the sloth’s slow-moving, tree-dwelling lifestyle.
Known as one of the best locations globally to observe sloths, Manuel Antonio National Park offers visitors the chance to encounter these remarkable animals in their natural surroundings. With some patience and a keen eye, it’s possible to spot sloths hanging from branches or gliding slowly through the forest canopy.
As a prominent species in the park, the sloth represents the rich biodiversity of Costa Rica. Its presence not only enriches the visitor experience but also highlights the importance of preserving this vital ecosystem for future generations. For the best experience, it is highly recommended to visit the park with a certified guide who can provide valuable insights into this fascinating species.
​​
*Download the most recent scientific study for Manuel Antonio Park: Scientific PDF
"Preserving Manuel Antonio National Park is not just about protecting a place, but safeguarding a legacy of nature’s wonder for generations to come."
Emails
Reservations:
Phone Numbers
WhatsApp:
Phone: +506 86328760
Park Opening Hours
Mon - Sun
7:00 am – 4:00 pm
Tuesday
Closed
Official Tour Operator:
Tour Reservations:
Phone: +506 27770932
Site Map
Manuel Antonio Activities
© Manuel Antonio National Park Online Services
To purchase your entrance ticket go to SINAC